Mfiase no, na wɔde LED ahorow di dwuma sɛ akanea a ɛkyerɛ nneɛma wɔ nnwinnade ne mita ahorow mu. Akyiri yi, wɔde LED ahorow a ɛwɔ kɔla ahorow dii dwuma kɛse wɔ kar akanea ne mmeae akɛse-a wɔde kyerɛ nneɛma mu, na ɛde sikasɛm ne asetra mu mfaso kɛse bae. Sɛ nhwɛso no, kar kanea kɔkɔɔ a ne kɛse yɛ nsateakwaa 12-a ɛwɔ United States no de kanea a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛyɛ watt 140 a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ-di dwuma mfiase no sɛ ne hann fibea, na ɛma hann fitaa a ɛyɛ lumens 2000 ba. Bere a wɔfaa filter kɔkɔɔ bi mu akyi no, hann no 90% yerae, na ɛkaa hann kɔkɔɔ lumens 200 pɛ. Wɔ ne kanea a wɔayɛ no foforo mu no, wɔde LED kɔkɔɔ 18 dii dwuma, a egye watt 14 pɛ a circuit losses ka ho, de yɛɛ hann a ɛyɛ adwuma yiye koro no ara.
Kar sɛnkyerɛnne akanea yɛ beae foforo a ɛho hia a wɔde di dwuma ma LED hann fibea ahorow. Wɔ afe 1987 mu no, me man no fii ase de breki akanea a ɛkorɔn-si kar ahorow so. Esiane ahoɔhare a LED ahorow no yɛ ho biribi ntɛmntɛm (nanosecond level) nti, wobetumi abɔ karkafo a wɔka kar a edidi so yi amanneɛ wɔ karka tebea ho ntɛm, na ɛtew akyi-awiei a ɛbɔ no so.
Bio nso, wɔde LED akanea di dwuma wɔ abɔnten kɔkɔɔ, ahabammono, ne bruu a ɛyɛ kɔla a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ-kɔla, keychain-style mini flashlights, ne mfuw afoforo mu.
LED fitaa: Sɛ wopɛ kanea a ɛwɔ hɔ nyinaa a, hann fitaa fibea ahorow na wɔpɛ kɛse. Wɔyɛɛ LED fitaa yie wɔ afe 1998. Wɔnam GaN chip ne yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG) a wɔde ka bom so na ɛyɛ saa LED yi.
GaN chip no ma hann bruu (λp=465nm, Wd=30nm) ba. Ce3+-a YAG phosphor wom, a wɔde sintered wɔ ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro mu no, ma hann kɔkɔɔ ba bere a hann bruu yi ani agye no, a ne tenten yɛ 550nm. Wɔde LED substrate bruu no ahyɛ kuruwa-nsusuwii a ɛma hann mu na wɔde resin a ɛyɛ tratraa a wɔde YAG afra mu, a ne kɛse bɛyɛ 200-500nm akata so. Hann bruu a LED substrate no ma no fã bi no, phosphor no twetwe, bere a hann bruu a aka no frafra hann kɔkɔɔ a phosphor no de ba no ma ɛyɛ hann fitaa. Wɔ InGaN/YAG LED fitaa ho no, ɛdenam nnuru a ɛwɔ YAG phosphor no mu a wɔbɛsesa ne phosphor layer no mu duru a wɔbɛsesa so no, wobetumi anya hann fitaa kɔla ahorow a kɔla hyew fi 3500-10000K.
Table 1 kyerɛ LED fitaa ahorow a ɛwɔ hɔ mprempren ne wɔn hann-mitting nnyinasosɛm ahorow. Pon no nso kyerɛ sɛ LED hann fitaa ahorow bi de ne ho to phosphor anan so: kɔla atitiriw abiɛsa-a ɛho yɛ na-asase so kɔkɔɔ, ahabammono, ne bruu phosphor-ne phosphor kɔkɔɔ a ɛwɔ garnet nhyehyɛe. Wɔhwɛ kwan sɛ LED abiɛsa-asorɔkye tenten, a wɔde inorganic ultraviolet chips a RGB phosphors di dwuma de kata LED fitaa so no benya hokwan de adi gua. Nanso, nneɛma nketenkete kɛse ne ahoɔden a wɔhwehwɛ ma saa kɔla atitiriw abiɛsa yi sua koraa, na wɔda so ara rehwehwɛ sɛnea wɔde di dwuma pɔtee no mu.
Mprempren, ade a edi kan a wɔtɔn ne bruu single-chip LED a YAG yellow phosphor wom, a ɛma hann a eye sen biara a ɛyɛ bɛyɛ 25 lumens/watt. YAG dodow no ara fi Nichia Corporation of Japan, a ne bo bɛyɛ 2000 yuan/kg. Nea ɛto so abien ne LED fitaa a Sumitomo Electric Industries a ɛwɔ Japan na ɛyɛe a wɔde ZnSe di dwuma sɛ ade no, nanso hann a ɛyɛ adwuma yiye no sua.
